3D Bio-Printing-A review on current application and future prospects in dentistry

Three-dimensional (3D) printing refers to a process of deposition of materials to fabricate three dimensional objects by implication of materials such as plastic polymers, metal, ceramics or even living cells. The process involved in printing of living tissues is named as 3D bioprinting. Recent advances in the field of 3D Bio-printing has given rise to new possibilities in the manufacturing of customized patient-tailored (bioactive tissue) constructs which show a great degree of resemblance to the patient's native tissue for oral and craniofacial reconstruction. Various application of additive manufacturing has gained much attention in the medical and dental domain. The improved quality and cost effectiveness has contributed to their increased use on patients. This review concisely summarized the different methods used in Bio printing, their various advantages and set-backs. It elaborates the concept behind bio-ink and focuses on different materials utilized to manufacture Bio-inks. Emphasis was given on various applications of bio printing in craniofacial and dental tissue regeneration, highlighting the recent advances in this upcoming field which would make bioprinting a routine procedure in our daily practices in future.