TY - JOUR
T1 - A comprehensive review of protein misfolding disorders, underlying mechanism, clinical diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies
AU - Basha, Shaik
AU - Mukunda, Darshan Chikkanayakanahalli
AU - Rodrigues, Jackson
AU - Gail D'Souza, Meagan
AU - Gangadharan, Gireesh
AU - Pai, Aparna Ramakrishna
AU - Mahato, Krishna Kishore
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India, DBT-BUILDER ( BT/INF/22/SP43065/2021 ) Govt. of India for infrastructure and facilities. SB would like to thank the Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India, for providing him with the Dr. TMA Pai Structured Ph.D. scholarship. SB would also like to thank Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE) fellowship, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India ( IF220005 ). DCM and JR thank the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India, New Delhi, for support through the Senior Research Fellowships (Sanctions Nos. 5/3/8/14/ITR-F/2020 and 5/3/8/45/ITR-F/2019-ITR ), respectively. KKM would like to thank the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India, New Delhi, for financial support (Ref. 17x(3)/Adhoc/33/2022-ITR ).
Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India, DBT-BUILDER (BT/INF/22/SP43065/2021) Govt. of India for infrastructure and facilities. SB would like to thank the Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India, for providing him with the Dr. TMA Pai Structured Ph.D. scholarship. SB would also like to thank Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE) fellowship, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India (IF220005). DCM and JR thank the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India, New Delhi, for support through the Senior Research Fellowships (Sanctions Nos. 5/3/8/14/ITR-F/2020 and 5/3/8/45/ITR-F/2019-ITR), respectively. KKM would like to thank the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India, New Delhi, for financial support (Ref. 17x(3)/Adhoc/33/2022-ITR).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2023/9
Y1 - 2023/9
N2 - Introduction: Proteins are the most common biological macromolecules in living system and are building blocks of life. They are extremely dynamic in structure and functions. Due to several modifications, proteins undergo misfolding, leading to aggregation and thereby developing neurodegenerative and systemic diseases. Understanding the pathology of these diseases and the techniques used to diagnose them is therefore crucial for their effective management. There are several techniques, currently being in use to diagnose them and those will be discussed in this review. Aim/Objectives: Current review aims to discuss an overview of protein aggregation and the underlying mechanisms linked to neurodegeneration and systemic diseases. Also, the review highlights protein misfolding disorders, their clinical diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Methodology: Literature related to neurodegenerative and systemic diseases was explored through PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Medline databases. The keywords used for literature survey and analysis are protein aggregation, neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, systemic diseases, protein aggregation mechanisms, etc. Discussion /Conclusion: This review summarises the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and systemic disorders caused by protein misfolding and aggregation. The clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategies adopted for the management of these diseases are also discussed to aid in a better understanding of protein misfolding disorders. Many significant concerns about the role, characteristics, and consequences of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative and systemic diseases are not clearly understood to date. Regardless of technological advancements, there are still great difficulties in the management and cure of these diseases. Therefore, for better understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of neurodegenerative and systemic diseases, more studies to identify novel drugs that may aid in their treatment and management are required.
AB - Introduction: Proteins are the most common biological macromolecules in living system and are building blocks of life. They are extremely dynamic in structure and functions. Due to several modifications, proteins undergo misfolding, leading to aggregation and thereby developing neurodegenerative and systemic diseases. Understanding the pathology of these diseases and the techniques used to diagnose them is therefore crucial for their effective management. There are several techniques, currently being in use to diagnose them and those will be discussed in this review. Aim/Objectives: Current review aims to discuss an overview of protein aggregation and the underlying mechanisms linked to neurodegeneration and systemic diseases. Also, the review highlights protein misfolding disorders, their clinical diagnosis, and treatment strategies. Methodology: Literature related to neurodegenerative and systemic diseases was explored through PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Medline databases. The keywords used for literature survey and analysis are protein aggregation, neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, systemic diseases, protein aggregation mechanisms, etc. Discussion /Conclusion: This review summarises the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and systemic disorders caused by protein misfolding and aggregation. The clinical diagnosis and therapeutic strategies adopted for the management of these diseases are also discussed to aid in a better understanding of protein misfolding disorders. Many significant concerns about the role, characteristics, and consequences of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative and systemic diseases are not clearly understood to date. Regardless of technological advancements, there are still great difficulties in the management and cure of these diseases. Therefore, for better understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of neurodegenerative and systemic diseases, more studies to identify novel drugs that may aid in their treatment and management are required.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85166315094&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85166315094&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102017
DO - 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102017
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37468112
AN - SCOPUS:85166315094
SN - 1568-1637
VL - 90
JO - Ageing Research Reviews
JF - Ageing Research Reviews
M1 - 102017
ER -