A correlative study of status of serum cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without hypertension

Individuals with Diabetes mellitus may have several forms of dyslipidemia. In obese patients with type II diabetes, a distinct "diabetic dyslipidemia" is characteristic of the insulin resistance syndrome. The present study was undertaken to correlate the serum cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-Cholesterol levels in healthy participants and type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. The present work was carried out at KMC hospital, Attavar, Mangalore, after a written consent from all the participants. The study includes 160 subjects and was divided into Group 1 with 57 non Diabetic subjects, Group 2 with 58 Diabetic patients without hypertension and Group 3 containing 45 Diabetes with hypertension patients respectively. About 5 ml of blood sample was collected and used for the estimation of serum cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-Cholesterol levels using standard methods. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA and p<0.05 was considered as significant. From our study, we found that there was a significant increase (P<0.001) in serum cholesterol and triglyceride in Diabetic patients with or without hypertension, but HDL-cholesterol was declined significantly (P< 0.001) when compared to normal individuals. In type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients, an increase in serum cholesterol, triglycerides and decline in HDL-Cholesterols is due to an increased lipolysis which causes the liver to increase glucose, serum cholesterol and triglycerides. The decline in HDL-Cholesterols might be due to its reciprocal relation with triglycerides. In Diabetic patients, the serum-cholesterol and triglyceride level increases, where as HDL-cholesterol level declines.