A renal bezoar of Epicoccum nigrum: An unusual clinical curiosity

A 27-year-old male with a history of previous Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) was admitted to a tertiary care hospital with fever and pain in the left flank. An ultrasonogram revealed left renal calculi with severe hydronephrosis. A DJ stent was deployed as the patient had clinical signs of sepsis. Once he was clinically stable, the patient was treated by redo PCNL. The material which was extricated from the collecting system revealed the presence of the fungus, Epicoccum nigrum. Although they were uncommon in the past, fungal infections of the urinary tract are apparently increasing in frequency because of the more aggressive endourological procedures. We are reporting this case to highlight the need for maintaining aseptic procedures during any surgical procedure, the use of imaging techniques and the treatment options which are available in cases of renal bezoars.