A systematic Review on Humanoid Biped Robot: History, Design, Gait Analysis and Path Planning in Various Terrains

Because of its capacity to replicate human behavior and maneuver through challenging circumstances, humanoid robots have drawn a lot of interest. An overview of the literature that refers to history, kinematic analysis, dynamic analysis, gait stabilization and trajectory plan approaches for humanoid robots on even, uneven are presented in this paper. The study emphasizes on conventional techniques like fuzzy logic and artificial potential fields as well as methods inspired by nature, such as teaching-learning-based optimization, dynamic window approach, and ant colony optimization. It has been demonstrated that hybrid approaches, which combine classical and nature-based algorithms, improve flexibility and dependability in both static and dynamic contexts. The results show that when it comes to developing effective and reliable path planning, hybrid techniques perform better than traditional tactics. A roadmap for upcoming developments in model innovation and guidance tactics is provided by identifying key research needs in humanoid robotics.