Advances and Challenges with Oral Cancer Diagnosis

Oral squamous cell carcinomas and other malignant abnormalities of the oral mucosa are globally prevalent at higher rates and can progress to cause the death of the patient. If the consumption of most of the contributing factors is restricted, this can be prevented to an extent. The cure of and survival from cancer is dependent upon the progression of the disease. Therefore, the earliest diagnosis and interventions help prolong patients’ lifespan by administering the right treatment approach. The symptomatic presentations are identified using various techniques. The conventional methods have certain limitations, apart from the restricted accessibility of the oral cavity. Therefore, the presence of multiple lesions, their transformations, and their metastatic nature can be left undetected. This necessitates developing new robust techniques that detect the irregularities at an earlier stage, in a cost-effective and minimally invasive manner. The evolution of strategies across the decades has brought light to new methodologies that can be adjunctively or solely utilized to diagnose the patients quickly and efficiently. Assembling the pre-existent approaches is opening up avenues for emerging techniques that are quick and precise. Advancing arenas of omics and technology contribute to the evolution of promising working routines.