@article{c08f4cf48c8541b68daf504c711c4a31,
title = "An in vitro study on the effect of potentiating agents on selected flouroquinolone antibiotics",
abstract = "Development of resistance to antimicrobial agents is a major problem in chemotherapy. Finding agents which potentiate antimicrobial activity could circumvent this problem. Present study was envisaged to study the in vitro action of potentiating agents viz., EDTA, caffeine, citric acid, theophylline, tartaric acid, tri-sodium citrate in combination with selected fluoroquinolone antibiotics - ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin against both Grampositive (B. subtilis, S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, P. aeruginosa). Effect of potentiating agents on antibiotics was studied by determination of MIC, zone diameter and turbimetric analysis. All potentiating agents were used in concentrations at which they do not have any antimicrobial activity. EDTA showed antibacterial activity at lower concentrations. In combination with antibiotics- EDTA, caffeine, citric acid exhibited considerable potentiation of the activity. Tri-sodium citrate exhibited least potentiation effect.",
author = "S. Sumi and V.M. Subrahmanyam and {Venkata Rao}, J. and N. Sivagurunathan and {Vasanth Raj}, P.",
note = "Cited By :2 Export Date: 10 November 2017 Correspondence Address: Subrahmanyam, V.M.; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal University, Manipal-576104 Karnataka, India; email: vmsmanyam@yahoo.com Chemicals/CAS: caffeine, 58-08-2; ciprofloxacin, 85721-33-1; citrate trisodium, 6132-04-3, 68-04-2; citric acid, 126-44-3, 5949-29-1, 77-92-9, 8002-14-0; edetic acid, 150-43-6, 60-00-4; levofloxacin, 100986-85-4, 138199-71-0; sparfloxacin, 111542-93-9; tartaric acid, 133-37-9, 3715-17-1, 526-83-0, 526-94-3, 87-69-4; theophylline, 58-55-9, 5967-84-0, 8055-07-0, 8061-56-1, 99007-19-9 Manufacturers: genuine, India; Loba, India; Merck, India; Nice chemicals; Ranbaxy, India; SD, India; Sigma Aldrich, Germany; Wockhardt, India References: Davies, J., Inactivation of antibiotics and the dissemination of resistance genes (1994) Science, 264, pp. 375-384; Nikido, H., Prevention of drug access to bacterial targets: Permeability barriers and active efflux (1994) Science, 264, pp. 384-388; Spratt, B. G. Resistance to antibiotics mediated by target alterations. Science 1994; 264: 388-393; Sivagurunathan, N., Krishnan, S., Venkat Rao, J., Naik Nagappa, A., Subrahmanyam, V.M., Meenashi Vanathi, B., Synergy of gatifloxacin with cefoperazone and cefoperazone-sulbactam against resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeroginosa (2008) J Medical Microbiology, 57, pp. 1514-1517; Ayres, H.M., Furr, J.R., Russel, A.D., Effect of permeabilizers on antibiotic sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeroginosa (1999) Letters in applied microbiology, 28, pp. 13-16; Denyer, J.Y., Maillard, Cellular impermeability and uptake of biocides and antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria (2002) J of applied microbiology, 92, pp. 35-45; Russel, A. S. Effect of Mg and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid on the antibacterial activity against E.coli and S. aureus. J of applied bacteriology 1971; 30: 395-401; Hussein, H., Bibi, S., Fazly, B., Mojgan, M.S., In vitro evaluation of methyl xanthines and some antibiotics: Interaction against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeroginosa (2006) Iranian biomedical Journal, 10, pp. 163-167",
year = "2009",
language = "English",
volume = "1",
pages = "57--69",
journal = "Pharmacologyonline",
issn = "1827-8620",
publisher = "SILAE (Italo-Latin American Society of Ethnomedicine)",
}