Anti-biofilm and anti-cancer effects of biosurfactant from Lactobacillus plantarum SVP2 in fermented milk whey beverage

The present work reports the secretion of biosurfactant by probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum SVP2 (SVP2-BS) in a previously formulated fermented EPS rich milk whey beverage. The cell-free BS-SVP2 was extracted from the fermented milk whey beverage by acid precipitation giving yield of 9.62 g/L. The surface of SVP2-BS was fibrous network-like with presence of elemental carbon, oxygen and nitrogen in high amounts, as analysed by SEM-EDAX. SVP2-BS was confirmed as a lipoprotein by quantitative analysis and FT-IR characterization which revealed the presence of N-H, C = C, C-H₂, C-O-C, C-O and C-H functional groups. The biofilm development of P. aeruginosa and E. coli was hindered by 96 ± 1.92% and 57 ± 1.14% on Ti-6Al-4 V alloy plates treated with 1.0 g/L SVP2-BS in comparison with untreated control plates. Additionally, SVP2-BS exhibited anti-cancer effects against HCT 116 colorectal cell lines (IC₅₀:20 µg/mL), whereas exposure at 1000 µg/mL on IEC 6 mouse non-tumor epithelial cell lines, a viability of 60.2% was retained. The novelty of this study is that it reports the production of a bio-active biosurfactant with potent anti-biofilm and anti-cancer activity in a probiotic fermented bioactive EPS rich milk why based beverage, offering the consumer triple benefits of probiotic L. plantarum SVP2, its bioactive EPS and biosurfactant.