Assessing water conservation behaviour of India's urban households

This research aims to develop and validate a questionnaire for the investigation of behavioural water conservation across four themes: demand curtailment, efficiency in use, reduction in losses, and rainwater harvesting. To do so, we operationalised the item purification method of the Delphi process. Subsequently, using confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation modelling, the items were subjected to questionnaire validation tests having 367 valid responses from Indian households. This approach resulted in a water conservation behaviour questionnaire with 54 items reduced from the original 161 items. The findings demonstrate the reliability of the scale psychometrics developed in this study.