TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from selected wastewater treatment plants of Southwestern India
AU - Praveenkumarreddy, Yerabham
AU - Vimalkumar, Krishnamoorthi
AU - Ramaswamy, Babu Rajendran
AU - Kumar, Virendra
AU - Singhal, Rakesh Kumar
AU - Basu, Hirakendu
AU - Gopal, Chikmagalur Mallappa
AU - Vandana, Kalwaje Eshwara
AU - Bhat, Krishnamurthy
AU - Udayashankar, Harikripa Narayana
AU - Balakrishna, Keshava
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are thankful to the Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences for the GC-MS analytical facility at Bharathidasan University. This research was financially supported by the Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (BRNS), Government of India, through project no. 35/14/17/2017-BRNS/35140 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 KeAi Communications Co., Ltd
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/1
Y1 - 2021/1
N2 - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac) were determined in three selected wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in southwestern India and the Gurupura River. The concentrations of the NSAIDs in the influents of the WWTPs ranged 125–184 μg/L for aspirin, 5–22 μg/L for ibuprofen, 11–217 μg/L for naproxen, 3–41 μg/L for ketoprofen and 12–68 μg/L for diclofenac. In the effluents, concentrations ranged 0.4–0.7 μg/L for aspirin, 0.1–2 μg/L for ibuprofen, 3–14 μg/L for naproxen, 0.6–0.8 μg/L for ketoprofen and 2–26 μg/L for diclofenac. The NSAIDs in the WWTPs were found in the order of aspirin > naproxen > diclofenac > ketoprofen > ibuprofen. In the Gurupura river, aspirin (0.02 μg/L), ibuprofen (0.17 μg/L), naproxen (8.8 μg/L), ketoprofen (1.5 μg/L) and diclofenac (1.6 μg/L) were quantified. Hazard quotient (HQ) for various aquatic organisms were calculated for the effluents of WWTPs and Gurupura river water. The results showed medium risk of ibuprofen and naproxen to polyp Hydra attenuata. Continuous discharge of NSAIDs into the river can result in adverse effects to the resident organisms.
AB - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, and diclofenac) were determined in three selected wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in southwestern India and the Gurupura River. The concentrations of the NSAIDs in the influents of the WWTPs ranged 125–184 μg/L for aspirin, 5–22 μg/L for ibuprofen, 11–217 μg/L for naproxen, 3–41 μg/L for ketoprofen and 12–68 μg/L for diclofenac. In the effluents, concentrations ranged 0.4–0.7 μg/L for aspirin, 0.1–2 μg/L for ibuprofen, 3–14 μg/L for naproxen, 0.6–0.8 μg/L for ketoprofen and 2–26 μg/L for diclofenac. The NSAIDs in the WWTPs were found in the order of aspirin > naproxen > diclofenac > ketoprofen > ibuprofen. In the Gurupura river, aspirin (0.02 μg/L), ibuprofen (0.17 μg/L), naproxen (8.8 μg/L), ketoprofen (1.5 μg/L) and diclofenac (1.6 μg/L) were quantified. Hazard quotient (HQ) for various aquatic organisms were calculated for the effluents of WWTPs and Gurupura river water. The results showed medium risk of ibuprofen and naproxen to polyp Hydra attenuata. Continuous discharge of NSAIDs into the river can result in adverse effects to the resident organisms.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.emcon.2021.01.001
DO - 10.1016/j.emcon.2021.01.001
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85100141985
SN - 2405-6650
VL - 7
SP - 43
EP - 51
JO - Emerging Contaminants
JF - Emerging Contaminants
ER -
