Association of clinical variables as a predictor marker in type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications

Introduction and Aim: Various biochemical and hematological variables are important for predicting the progression of diabetes to diabetic complications, analyzing health-economic status, and examining the effectiveness of antidiabetic agents. The aim of this study is to find the association between clinical variables and type 2 diabetes, diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods: A total of 300 participants’ details were studied and divided into 3 groups; type 2 diabetes (n=100), diabetic nephropathy (n=100), and cardiovascular disease (n=100). Various biochemical and hematological variable data were collected from the patient file. BUN and inflammatory markers such as NLR, PLR, LMR and SII were calculated. P value ≤ 0.05 is statistically significant. Result: A comparison of biochemical data, such as HbA1c, urea, creatinine, and sodium, revealed statistically significant differences between the three groups. Hematological parameters, such as RBC, Hb, WBC, PCT, and RDW, were also found to be significant. We calculated BUN, BCR, NLR, PLR, LMR, and SII and found they were significant. Conclusions Clinical variables along with HbA1c as one of the most significant predictors can help define a person's risk profile for type 2 diabetes and the progression of diabetic complications. It may offer a new challenge to health education and therapeutic interventions designed to prevent diabetic complications.