Automatic drug infusion control based on metaheuristic H₂ optimal theory for regulating the mean arterial blood pressure

The primary intent of this article is to explicate the development of an efficient control strategy to enhance the automated drug infusion technique and thereby, regulating the mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in both surgical and post-surgical clinical scenarios. To simplify the already existing design techniques that are mathematically very complicated, a governed drug management system is required to normalize the MABP. This manuscript introduces a two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) H₂ optimal PI controller whose parameters are optimized by using dragonfly optimization (DA). The performance of the proposed method is compared with the conventional DA tuned PI and 2-DOF-PI control technique to prove the efficacy of the designed technique. The proposed control technique gives better results quantified by performance metrics in nominal case as well as in the presence of parametric uncertainties and noise. The resultant novel controller is verified on a diverse category of patient's responses (ideal, insensitive, and sensitive) to the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) drug injected into the patient's body and thus investigating whether the pressure is at the preferred level.