TY - JOUR
T1 - Breath analysis for the screening and diagnosis of diseases
AU - V. R, Nidheesh
AU - Mohapatra, Aswini Kumar
AU - V. K, Unnikrishnan
AU - Sinha, Rajeev Kumar
AU - Nayak, Rajesh
AU - Kartha, Vasudevan Baskaran
AU - Chidangil, Santhosh
N1 - Funding Information:
Mr Nidheesh V.R is thankful to MAHE for the Dr TMA Pai Doctoral fellowship.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Copyright:
Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Exhaled breath contains small molecules and complex volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as H2O, CO2, NO, NH3, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, and hydrocarbons. Analysis of VOCs can provide valuable information about health status, especially in several disorders and disease conditions. In view of pandemics like the recent COVID-19 incidences, Breath Analysis, which is totally noninvasive and can be adapted for Remote/In Situ Point-Of-Care (POC) use, require special attention in current health-care technology. A variety of techniques have been used for the detection of VOCs for decades. Mass spectrometry, laser spectroscopy and more recently e-noses (made up of nano-particle and metal oxide sensors) are the most popular methods. Most VOCs are present in exhaled breath at parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb) and parts per trillion (ppt) levels only. Detection of VOCs even at such low-levels can be correlated with certain diseases, and they can be regarded as biomarkers of such ailments. A review of the various studies that have been carried out in breath analysis, together with a comparison of the different techniques available today, with their advantages and disadvantages, are presented in this article. The challenges and future prospects of the various techniques in providing viable technology for screening and early detection of various disease conditions are also discussed in brief.
AB - Exhaled breath contains small molecules and complex volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as H2O, CO2, NO, NH3, ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, and hydrocarbons. Analysis of VOCs can provide valuable information about health status, especially in several disorders and disease conditions. In view of pandemics like the recent COVID-19 incidences, Breath Analysis, which is totally noninvasive and can be adapted for Remote/In Situ Point-Of-Care (POC) use, require special attention in current health-care technology. A variety of techniques have been used for the detection of VOCs for decades. Mass spectrometry, laser spectroscopy and more recently e-noses (made up of nano-particle and metal oxide sensors) are the most popular methods. Most VOCs are present in exhaled breath at parts per million (ppm), parts per billion (ppb) and parts per trillion (ppt) levels only. Detection of VOCs even at such low-levels can be correlated with certain diseases, and they can be regarded as biomarkers of such ailments. A review of the various studies that have been carried out in breath analysis, together with a comparison of the different techniques available today, with their advantages and disadvantages, are presented in this article. The challenges and future prospects of the various techniques in providing viable technology for screening and early detection of various disease conditions are also discussed in brief.
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U2 - 10.1080/05704928.2020.1848857
DO - 10.1080/05704928.2020.1848857
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85097531232
SN - 0570-4928
JO - Applied Spectroscopy Reviews
JF - Applied Spectroscopy Reviews
ER -