Characterization of serotypes, diversity and drug susceptibiliy among clinical Salmonella isolates

Background: Salmonella infections remain a major global health concern due to their potential for invasive disease and increasing antimicrobial resistance. The emergence of resistant strains complicates treatment and control strategies. This study aimed to isolate, serotype, and determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella species obtained from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Between October 2022 and April 2025, 110 Salmonella isolates were isolated from various clinical specimens including blood, stool, pus, urine, bile, and sputum. Identification was performed using standard biochemical and serological tests, while antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed as per CLSI guidelines. Result: S. Typhi (52.7%) was the predominant isolate, followed by S. Paratyphi A (11.8%) and S. Typhimurium (10%). Most isolates remained sensitive to β-lactams and carbapenems but showed emerging resistance to azithromycin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Continuous monitoring of resistance patterns and rational antibiotic use are essential to mitigate rising antimicrobial resistance among Salmonella species.