TY - JOUR
T1 - Chromium alleviates glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic ER stress in obese mice
AU - Sreejayan, N.
AU - Dong, F.
AU - Kandadi, M.R.
AU - Yang, X.
AU - Ren, J.
N1 - Cited By :55
Export Date: 10 November 2017
Correspondence Address: Sreejayan, N.; Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States; email: sreejay@uwyo.edu
Chemicals/CAS: chromium, 16065-83-1, 7440-47-3; insulin, 9004-10-8; lactone, 1338-03-0; lipid, 66455-18-3; Blood Glucose; Chromium, 7440-47-3; eIF-2 Kinase, EC 2.7.1.37; Ern2 protein, mouse, EC 2.7.1.-; Insulin, 11061-68-0; Lactones; Leptin; Lipids; Membrane Proteins; PERK kinase, EC 2.7.10.-; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, EC 2.7.11.1; Sesquiterpenes; thapsigargicin, 67526-94-7; Trace Elements
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Ann Med 2005;37:347-356; Cefalu, W.T., Wang, Z.Q., Zhang, X.H., Baldor, L.C., Russell, J.C., Oral chromium picolinate improves carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and enhances skeletal muscle Glut-4 translocation in obese, hyperinsulinemic (JCR-LA corpulent) rats (2002) J Nutr, 132, pp. 1107-1114; Clodfelder, B.J., Gullick, B.M., Lukaski, H.C., Neggers, Y., Vincent, J.B., Oral administration of the biomimetic [Cr3O(O2CCH2CH3)6(H2O)3]+ increases insulin sensitivity and improves blood plasma variables in healthy and type 2 diabetic rats (2005) J Biol Inorg Chem, 10, pp. 119-130; Kim, D.S., Kim, T.W., Park, I.K., Kang, J.S., Om, A.S., Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on insulin sensitivity, serum lipids, and body weight in dexamethasone-treated rats (2002) Metabolism, 51, pp. 589-594; Pattar, G.R., Tackett, L., Liu, P., Elmendorf, J.S., Chromium picolinate positively influences the glucose transporter system via affecting cholesterol homeostasis in adipocytes cultured under hyperglycemic diabetic conditions (2006) Mutat Res, 610, pp. 93-100; Urano, F., Wang, X., Bertolotti, A., Coupling of stress in the ER to activation of JNK protein kinases by transmembrane protein kinase IRE1 (2000) Science, 287, pp. 664-666; Aguirre, V., Uchida, T., Yenush, L., Davis, R., White, M.F., The c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase promotes insulin resistance during association with insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphorylation of Ser(307) (2000) J Biol Chem, 275, pp. 9047-9054; Rui, L., Fisher, T.L., Thomas, J., White, M.F., Regulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling by proteasome-mediated degradation of insulin receptor substrate-2 (2001) J Biol Chem, 276, pp. 40362-40367
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Objective: Chromium has gained popularity as a nutritional supplement for diabetic patients. This study evaluated the effect of chronic administration of a chromium complex of D-phenylalanine (Cr(D-phe)3) on glucose and insulin tolerance in obese mice. The study tested the hypothesis that Cr(D-phe)3 suppresses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and insulin resistance in these animals. Methods and Procedures: C57BL lean and ob/ob obese mice were randomly divided to orally receive vehicle or Cr(D-phe)3 (3.8 μg of elemental chromium/kg/day) for 6 months. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Protein levels of phosphorylated pancreatic ER kinase (PERK), α subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) and inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE-1), p-c-Jun, and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) phosphoserine-307 were assessed by western blotting. In vitro ER stress was induced by treating cultured muscle cells with thapsigargin in the presence or absence of Cr(D-phe)3. Results: ob/ob mice showed poor glucose and insulin tolerance compared to the lean controls, which was attenuated by Cr(D-phe) 3. Markers of insulin resistance (phospho-c-Jun and IRS-1 phosphoserine) and ER stress (p-PERK, p-IRE-1, p-eIF2α), which were elevated in ob/ob mice, were attenuated following Cr(D-phe)3 treatment. Chromium treatment was also associated with a reduction in liver triglyceride levels and lipid accumulation. In cultured myotubes, Cr(D-phe) 3 attenuated ER stress induced by thapsigargin. Discussion: Oral Cr(D-phe)3 treatment reduces glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic ER stress in obese, insulin-resistant mice. © 2008 The Obesity Society.
AB - Objective: Chromium has gained popularity as a nutritional supplement for diabetic patients. This study evaluated the effect of chronic administration of a chromium complex of D-phenylalanine (Cr(D-phe)3) on glucose and insulin tolerance in obese mice. The study tested the hypothesis that Cr(D-phe)3 suppresses endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and insulin resistance in these animals. Methods and Procedures: C57BL lean and ob/ob obese mice were randomly divided to orally receive vehicle or Cr(D-phe)3 (3.8 μg of elemental chromium/kg/day) for 6 months. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by glucose and insulin tolerance tests. Protein levels of phosphorylated pancreatic ER kinase (PERK), α subunit of translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) and inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE-1), p-c-Jun, and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) phosphoserine-307 were assessed by western blotting. In vitro ER stress was induced by treating cultured muscle cells with thapsigargin in the presence or absence of Cr(D-phe)3. Results: ob/ob mice showed poor glucose and insulin tolerance compared to the lean controls, which was attenuated by Cr(D-phe) 3. Markers of insulin resistance (phospho-c-Jun and IRS-1 phosphoserine) and ER stress (p-PERK, p-IRE-1, p-eIF2α), which were elevated in ob/ob mice, were attenuated following Cr(D-phe)3 treatment. Chromium treatment was also associated with a reduction in liver triglyceride levels and lipid accumulation. In cultured myotubes, Cr(D-phe) 3 attenuated ER stress induced by thapsigargin. Discussion: Oral Cr(D-phe)3 treatment reduces glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic ER stress in obese, insulin-resistant mice. © 2008 The Obesity Society.
U2 - 10.1038/oby.2008.217
DO - 10.1038/oby.2008.217
M3 - Article
SN - 1930-7381
VL - 16
SP - 1331
EP - 1337
JO - Obesity
JF - Obesity
IS - 6
ER -
