Cognitive function is affected by treatment with atorvastatin in normal wistar albino rats

Introduction and Aim: Cholesterol is a ubiquitous molecule which is present as a component of all the cells of our body. Cholesterol is synthesized in our body, mainly in the liver. Studies have revealed a close association between the occurrence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and the blood Cholesterol levels. It is stated that Dyslipidemia is one of the important determinant of atherosclerosis, leading to CAD and increased number of morbidity and mortality. Discovery of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors have opened up the possibility of controlling the liver Cholesterol synthesis and reducing the risk of atherosclerosis and antithrombotic effect, preventing CAD. Cholesterol is an important component of neural tissue. Since Statins reduce cholesterol level, it is possible that treatment with statins may affect cognitive parameters. Materials and Methods: In the present study, we evaluated cognitive parameters in four groups of Wistar albino rats (n=24) following 2 months of treatment with Atorvastatin in two doses. We evaluated their lipid profile, open field activity and water maze performance and analysed the results by applying One way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test and Student’s ‘t’ test. Results: We found that the anxiety like behavior tested in open field, peripheral square crossings was significantly increased (p<0.05) and time spent in central squares was less. Grooming and rearing were lesser in high dose group (p<0.05). The escape latency to find the platform in the Morris water maze was also reduced in group receiving high dose of Atorvastatin. Conclusion: The results suggested an increased memory retention and increased anxiety levels in treated animals.