TY - JOUR
T1 - Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults
T2 - An update
AU - Eshwara, Vandana Kalwaje
AU - Mukhopadhyay, Chiranjay
AU - Rello, Jordi
N1 - Funding Information:
funded in part by Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Funding Information:
The study was funded in part by Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Indian Journal of Medical Research, published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow for Director-General, Indian Council of Medical Research.
PY - 2020/4
Y1 - 2020/4
N2 - Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the prominent cause of mortality and morbidity with important clinical impact across the globe. India accounts for 23 per cent of global pneumonia burden with case fatality rates between 14 and 30 per cent, and Streptococcus pneumoniae is considered a major bacterial aetiology. Emerging pathogens like Burkholderia pseudomallei is increasingly recognized as an important cause of CAP in Southeast Asian countries. Initial management in the primary care depends on clinical assessment while the hospitalized patients require combinations of clinical scores, chest radiography and various microbiological and biomarker assays. This comprehensive diagnostic approach together with additional sampling and molecular tests in selected high-risk patients should be practiced. Inappropriate therapy in CAP in hospitalized patients lengthens hospital stay and increases cost and mortality. In addition, emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms poses tough challenges in deciding empirical as well as definitive therapy. Developing local evidence on the cause and management should be a priority to improve health outcomes in CAP.
AB - Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the prominent cause of mortality and morbidity with important clinical impact across the globe. India accounts for 23 per cent of global pneumonia burden with case fatality rates between 14 and 30 per cent, and Streptococcus pneumoniae is considered a major bacterial aetiology. Emerging pathogens like Burkholderia pseudomallei is increasingly recognized as an important cause of CAP in Southeast Asian countries. Initial management in the primary care depends on clinical assessment while the hospitalized patients require combinations of clinical scores, chest radiography and various microbiological and biomarker assays. This comprehensive diagnostic approach together with additional sampling and molecular tests in selected high-risk patients should be practiced. Inappropriate therapy in CAP in hospitalized patients lengthens hospital stay and increases cost and mortality. In addition, emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms poses tough challenges in deciding empirical as well as definitive therapy. Developing local evidence on the cause and management should be a priority to improve health outcomes in CAP.
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U2 - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1678_19
DO - 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1678_19
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85085599640
SN - 0367-9012
VL - 151
SP - 287
EP - 302
JO - Indian Journal of Medical Research, Supplement
JF - Indian Journal of Medical Research, Supplement
IS - 4
ER -