Comparative study of Carbapenem-sensitive acinetobacter infection with Carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter infection among inpatients of a tertiary care teaching hospital in south India

Introduction: Acinetobacter (gram-negative bacteria) has become a threat in all the hospitals, especially in the Intensive Care units, being mainly treated with Carbapenem. But now, Carbapenem-resistant bacteria have evolved, Thus, treatment of such a patient with Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter infection becomes more difficult. This study will compare the factors that may cause Carbapenem-resistant and Carbapenem-sensitive Acinetobacter infection thereby helping in management of multidrug resistant Acinetobacter infections. Materials & Method: This study is retrospective hospital based study executed in hospitals associated with Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka. Records of, 75 patients with Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter infection and 75 patients with Carbapenem-sensitive Acinetobacter infection were evaluated using a Proforma prepared after extensive literature review. The collected data were entered in, and analysed using SPSS version 16.0. For qualitative analysis of data, statistical Chi-square test was used and p < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Among 75 reports, with Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter 3 (4%) of the 75 reports had Acinetobacter resistant to Meropenem and Imipenem. 56 of the 75 reports had Acinetobacter resistant to all the Carbapenems. More than three quarters of individuals with Resistance had Co-morbid conditions present compared to 64% in Sensitive. 24% of Carbapenem-resistant individuals had pneumonia compared to 4% in Carbapenem-Sensitive. ICU admissions were less (26.3%) in sensitive cases compared to resistant (49.3%). Recovery was better in Acinetobacter Sensitive individuals (42.7%) when compared to Resistant which was just 11%.