Comparison of the Efficacy of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine versus Intravenous Clonidine for Controlled Hypotension during Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study

Background: Periprocedural hemorrhage is common during functional endoscopic sinus surgeries (FESSs) owing to the rich vascularity of the nose, which obscures the surgical field and increases the time of the procedure with complications. Controlled hypotension can be employed to mitigate the problem. Objective: Comparison of clonidine and dexmedetomidine as an infusion dose to effectuate controlled hypotension during sinus surgery. Patients and Methods: A prospective observational study was done between Group Dexmedetomidine and Clonidine who were posted for FESS with 40 participants per group. Both the groups received the allocated drugs in 100 ml of normal saline 15 min before induction. The patient’s hemodynamics, Nasal bleeding, and surgeon’s satisfaction score were noted. Results: Both Groups showed a drop in hemodynamics after induction, but a higher drop was seen in Group D. Nasal bleeding and Surgeon’s satisfaction scores were better in Group D compared to Group C. Conclusions: Controlled hypotension can be achieved with the preinduction infusion of either clonidine 3 μg/kg or dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg. Dexmedetomidine provides better hemodynamic stability, decreased bleeding, and an excellent surgical field when compared to clonidine.