Correlation of foot length and gestational maturity in neonates–a study from coastal Karnataka

Introduction: The degree of maturity is a major contributor to neonatal mortality and morbidity. Early identification of preterm babies can prevent life-threatening complications. This study was carried out to determine whether postnatal foot length could accurately identify the gestational age in a specified South Indian neonatal population. Material and Method: This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 320 neonates within 72hours of life. The study was approved by the Institutional ethics committee. After obtaining the informed consent, neonatal foot length was measured using a sliding plastic Vernier caliper. Neonatal anthropometric parameters like weight, crown-heel length, head circumference were also recorded. The data were analysed using SPSS version 11.5. Results: In preterm neonates correlation of foot length with weight, head circumference, crown-heel length and gestational age by Ballard’s score were statistically significant. From receiver operating characteristic curve, cut off value obtained for prediction of prematurity was 7.35cm which had sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 78 % respectively. Conclusion: Neonatal foot length can be a good surrogate measure in predicting prematurity.