Cost of Illness Analysis of Common Mental Disorders: A Study from an Indian Academic Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: The cost of illness (COI) for common mental disorders (CMDs) that include depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorder is less studied in India. Hence, we studied the COI and disability of CMDs and their relationship in patients with depression, anxiety, and somatoform disorders. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 220 patients (110 with depression, 58 with anxiety disorders, and 52 with somatoform disorders) and evaluated disability using the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). The schedule for the cost of illness (S-COI) was used for evaluating COI for the last year. Results: The annual COI of CMDs from the patient perspective was ₹21,620 (interquartile range [IQR], ₹47,761; ≈US$290). The median annual direct COI was ₹4,907 (IQR ₹7,502), and indirect COI was ₹12,900 (IQR ₹37744). The direct COI was 18%, whereas the indirect COI was 82%. The direct and indirect COI in the three groups were similar. In all three groups with ongoing treatment, the mean scores indicated a mild level of disability. Total and indirect COI, but not the direct COI, correlated positively with the severity of illness and disability. Conclusion: All the CMDs with ongoing treatment are associated with a mild level of disability and are a significant financial burden, with higher indirect costs.