Coumarinyl-Thiazole Hybrids as Broad Spectrum Biologically Active Agents and Their Sustained Delivery Through Cellulose Acetate Nanofiber Mat

Coumarinyl-thiazole hybrid Schiff bases are well-known for their broad biological activities, but their poor solubility and low bioavailability limit their therapeutic application. This study aimed to test their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, wherein, the 3-(2-(5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one (4e) emerged as most potent. The compound's low cytotoxicity (92.68% cell viability on NIH3T3 cells at 100 µg/mL) and strong anti-inflammatory activity (57.36% protein denaturation inhibition) confirmed its potential. Subsequently, 4e was successfully incorporated into a cellulose acetate (CA) nanofiber mat via electrospinning (86.00 ± 1.30% encapsulation efficiency). The antibacterial activity of the composite mat was tested against S. aureus and E. faecalis, showing that the CA/4e composite retained its excellent antibacterial properties. The mat exhibited a high drug release capacity (88.29 ± 0.30% at pH 7.4), with an initial rapid release (28.31 ± 1.31%) designed for immediate symptomatic relief. In conclusion, the biocompatible CA/4e nanofiber mat presents an effective and promising transdermal drug delivery system for this potent coumarin derivative.