Critical Review on PV MPPT Techniques: Classical, Intelligent and Optimisation

Maximum power extraction from the photovoltaic (PV) system plays a critical role in increasing efficiency duringpartial shading conditions (PSC's). The higher cost and low conversion efficiency of the PV panel necessitate the extraction ofthe maximum power point (MPP). So, a suitable maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique to track the MPP is of highneed, even under PSC's. This study gives an extensive review of 23 MPPT techniques present in literature along with recentpublications on various hardware design methodologies. MPPT classification is done into three categories, i.e. Classical,Intelligent and Optimisation depending on the tracking algorithm utilised. During uniform insolation, classical methods are highlypreferred as there is only one peak in the P-V curve. However, under PSC's, the P-V curve exhibits multiple peaks, one globalMPP (GMPP) and the remaining are local MPPs. Hence, Intelligent and Optimisation techniques came into limelight todifferentiate the GMPP out of all LMPPs. Every MPPT technique has its advantages and limits, but a streamlined MPPT isdrafted in numerous parameters like sensors required, hardware implementation, tracking in PSC's, cost, tracking speed andtracking efficiency. This present study aimed to address the advancement in this area for further research.