Dental Neglect by Individuals With Haemophilia: Clinical Challenges and Solutions

Background: Haemophilia is a chronic disorder and dental health forms an integral part of overall health in individuals with haemophilia. Objective: The present study aims to analyse electronic medical records of individuals with haemophilia who presented to the emergency department with acute oral bleeding, with the goal of improving, understanding and management of this underreported presentation. Methods: This observational study involved the analysis of electronic patient records of individuals with haemophilia over a 1-year period who reported to the emergency department solely due to oral or dental cause. Medical and dental records of patients with haemophilia are centrally documented by the Haemophilia Society of our treatment centre. Results: A total of two cases reported to the emergency solely because of oral bleeding. The first case is of a 39-year-old male with severe haemophilia A who reported of copious oral bleed following the use of a toothpick that was used to remove the debris between the teeth. The second case is of a 23-year-old male with severe haemophilia B who reported to the emergency due to ‘no toothbrushing’ habit over 10 years owing to which he had heavy deposits of calculus in his lower front teeth and consequent gingival haemorrhage. Conclusion: Primary prevention in the oral cavity refers to the ‘find it early and fix it early’ approach to avoid extensive and invasive dental treatment procedures. It is time to recognize dental neglect and avoid such demanding clinical situations that ultimately warrant an emergency visit, which complicates the management protocols. Trial Registration: REF/2024/01/077096.