Design and optimization of graphene-based two-diamond-shaped solar absorber using Zr-GaSb-Fe₃O₄ materials for industrial heating renewable energy system with machine learning

Given the importance of addressing air pollution, research into photonic devices has been developed as an alternative to fossil fuels. Solar absorbers, a key component in the field of photonics, have been highlighted in recent studies as a means to enhance solar energy production. These absorbers can be applied in various solar thermal systems, such as water heating processes. The design of the solar absorber, including resonance layers in different shapes and multi-layer configurations, alongside the use of graphene, has led to the development of a broadband absorber with excellent efficiency. In the latest structure, the overlapping diamond resonator shape, made from materials such as Zr-GaSb-Fe3O4, demonstrated a high absorption rate of 90.83 % over a wide 2700 nm bandwidth and machine learning also applied on the results. The newly developed solar absorbers can be used in a variety of household applications, including water heaters, home heating, cooking, charging, and swimming pools. In addition to their use in homes, these absorbers are also applicable in solar architecture, artificial photosynthesis, drying processes, and distillation systems.