Development of curcumin-loaded Azadirachta indica gum polysaccharide/polyvinyl alcohol electrospun nanofiber to ameliorate diabetic wound

The present study aims to develop a novel polymeric nanofibrous scaffold for tissue regeneration. To achieve this, Azadirachta indica gum (AIG) was utilized, and the nanofiber mat was fabricated using the electrospinning technique. To enhance the therapeutic potential of the nanofiber mat for wound healing applications, curcumin (CUR) was incorporated into the polymeric solution, aiming to improve its bioactive properties. The resulting CUR-loaded AIG nanofiber can successively deliver CUR to the targeted site, leveraging the inherent antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of AIG while exhibiting a synergistic effect with CUR. Characterization studies confirmed uniform fiber morphology, enhanced mechanical properties, optimum wettability, and good biocompatibility with blood and L929 fibroblast cells. The nanofiber exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. In vivo wound healing studies further demonstrated accelerated dermal tissue regeneration through the inhibition of inflammatory responses, reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppression of microbial load, and enhancement of collagen synthesis at the wound site. These findings suggest the CUR-loaded AIG nanofiber holds great promise as a bioengineered scaffold for dermal tissue regeneration in chronic wound management.