Did Microhyla kodial (Anura: Microhylidae) disperse naturally or through humans?

The frog genus Microhyla Tschudi (1838) (family Microhylidae) is restricted to South and Southeast (SE) Asia and comprises 50 described species1. A significant proportion of the Microhyla diversity occurs in SE Asia1, followed by South Asia. India has 13 valid species among which six are endemic and the rest are distributed in South and SE Asia. Biogeographically, Indian members of Microhyla show into-India dispersal during the late Oligocene, mid-Miocene and late Miocene1. An alternative to this argument is a recent human-mediated (accidental) dis-persal of Microhyla kodial from SE Asia to India due to anthropogenic activities such as timber trade2. However, Gorin et al.1 sug-gested that M. kodial could also be naturally dispersed.