Early cognitive impairment: Role of clock drawing test

C. Mittal, S. P. Gorthi, S. Rohatgi

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

16 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Folstein's Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) often fails to identify executive dysfunction even if quite severe. Detailed neuropsychological tests and extensive bedside tests are available to evaluate executive function, but most of them are time consuming. This study was done to determine the value of a Clock Drawing Test (CDT) as a simple tool to identify cognitive dysfunction in various neurological disorders and to assess its utility as an adjunct to MMSE in identifying executive dysfunction in a a busy out patient department (OPD). Methods: A total of 81 patients suffering from neurological disorders and 81 controls were studied. All subjects received the MMSE and the CDT. The CDT is divided into an unprompted task that is sensitive to executive control (CDT 1) and a copying task which is not (CDT 2). Result: All the three tests (CDT 1, CDT 2 and MMSE) could recognize cognitive and executive function deficits, when compared with age and sex matched controls (p < 0. 001). CDT scores correlated strongly with the level of executive function deficits. CDT+MMSE detected 95% cases as abnormal as compared to 47% detected by MMSE alone. Conclusion: CDT along with MMSE can detect executive control deficits and cognitive deficits. The CDT 1 tests executive control performance, while CDT 2 tests posterior cortical deficits.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)25-28
Number of pages4
JournalMedical Journal Armed Forces India
Volume66
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 01-01-2010

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Medicine(all)

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