TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Light Emitting Diodes (LED) Exposure on Vitreous Metabolites-Rodent Study
AU - Theruveethi, Nagarajan
AU - Joshi, Manjunath B.
AU - Jathanna, Judith S.
AU - Valiathan, Manna
AU - Kabekkodu, Shama Prasada
AU - Bhandarkar, Manasa
AU - Thomas, R. Huban
AU - Thangarajan, Rajesh
AU - Bhat, Shailaja S.
AU - Surendran, Sudarshan
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by the SCIENCE & ENGINEERING RESEARCH BOARD (SERB) (a statutory body of the Department of Science & Technology, Government of India), grant number EMR/2017/004341.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 by the authors.
PY - 2023/1
Y1 - 2023/1
N2 - The exposure to blue and white Light emitting diodes (LED) light leads to damage in the visual system with short-term LED light exposure. Chronic exposure, adaptive responses to light, and self-protective mechanisms against LED light exposures need to be explored, and it would be essential to understand the repercussions of LED radiation on vitreous metabolites. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were used in this study, divided into four groups (n = 6 in each group). Three experimental groups of rats were exposed to either blue, white, or yellow LED light for 90 days (12:12 light-dark cycle routine) with uniform illumination (450–500 lux). Standard lab settings were used to maintain control rats. Vitreous fluids were subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). PLS-DA analysis indicated significant the separation of m metabolites among groups, suggesting that LED exposure induces metabolic reprogramming in the vitreous. Amino acids and their modifications showed significant alterations among groups which included D-alanine, D-serine (p < 0.05), lysine (p < 0.001), aspartate (p = 0.0068), glutathione (p = 0.0263), taurine (p = 0.007), and hypotaurine. In chronic light exposure, the self-protective or reworking system could be depleted, which may decrease the ability to compensate for the defending mechanism. This might fail to maintain the metabolomic structural integrity of the vitreous metabolites.
AB - The exposure to blue and white Light emitting diodes (LED) light leads to damage in the visual system with short-term LED light exposure. Chronic exposure, adaptive responses to light, and self-protective mechanisms against LED light exposures need to be explored, and it would be essential to understand the repercussions of LED radiation on vitreous metabolites. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were used in this study, divided into four groups (n = 6 in each group). Three experimental groups of rats were exposed to either blue, white, or yellow LED light for 90 days (12:12 light-dark cycle routine) with uniform illumination (450–500 lux). Standard lab settings were used to maintain control rats. Vitreous fluids were subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). PLS-DA analysis indicated significant the separation of m metabolites among groups, suggesting that LED exposure induces metabolic reprogramming in the vitreous. Amino acids and their modifications showed significant alterations among groups which included D-alanine, D-serine (p < 0.05), lysine (p < 0.001), aspartate (p = 0.0068), glutathione (p = 0.0263), taurine (p = 0.007), and hypotaurine. In chronic light exposure, the self-protective or reworking system could be depleted, which may decrease the ability to compensate for the defending mechanism. This might fail to maintain the metabolomic structural integrity of the vitreous metabolites.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85146803210&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85146803210&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/metabo13010081
DO - 10.3390/metabo13010081
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85146803210
SN - 2218-1989
VL - 13
JO - Metabolites
JF - Metabolites
IS - 1
M1 - 81
ER -
