Effects of Coenzyme Q10, Ramipril, and Vinpocetine on the Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Cognition in Rats with Chronic Insomnia and REM Sleep Deprivation

This study evaluated the impact of various drugs on cognitive function and oxidative stress in a chronic insomnia rat model induced by rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation using modified multiple-platform method. Forty-eight albino rats were divided into eight groups (n=6 per group): the control group; REM sleep-deprived groups, which were treated with water, corn oil, donepezil, vinpocetine, Coenzyme Q10 + corn oil, ramipril, and Coenzyme Q10 + corn oil + ramipril. Spatial learning and memory were assessed using the Morris water maze. On the 3^rd and 4^th days of the acquisition trials, the latency of Coenzyme Q10, ramipril and their combination was lower than that of REM sleep-deprived rats. In the probe trial, sleep-deprived rats spent less time in the target quadrant than REM controls. In contrast, vinpocetine, Coenzyme Q10 and the combination of ramipril + Coenzyme Q10 resulted in a greater percentage of time spent in the target quadrant than REM sleep-deprived rats. Biochemical analysis of hippocampal tissue revealed that, compared with REM sleep-deprived rats, those treated with donepezil, vinpocetine, ramipril, Coenzyme Q10, or their combination presented reduced malondialdehyde and acetylcholinesterase levels but increased reduced glutathione levels. In conclusion, these findings suggest that donepezil, vinpocetine, ramipril, Coenzyme Q10, and their combination effectively ameliorate the cognitive deficits and oxidative stress induced by REM sleep deprivation.