Energy Detector–Based Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radios Over α − κ − F Fading Channel

Cognitive radios (CRs) are envisioned as a potential solution, to provide spectrum-efcient communication for futuristic wireless communication systems like the Internet of Tings (IoT) and others. Tis article examines the efciency of CR’s detection performance over the α − κ − Ffading channel. Te α − κ − Ffading model is a generalized fading model intended to collectively quantify channel nonlinearity and shadowing efects. Terefore, the efect of channel nonlinearity and shadowing together on CR detection performance has been studied. New analytical formulas for the average probability of detection (APOD) for a single user and cooperative detection are obtained for energy detection (ED)–based spectrum sensing (SS). Additionally, to provide a deeper understanding of detection characteristics, expression for the area under the receiver operating characteristics is also obtained. Te efectiveness of CR detection under various nonlinearity and shadowing efects is investigated using the developed analytical expressions, and the results indicate that performance degrades as channel impairments increase. At last, Monte Carlo simulations are employed to demonstrate that the obtained analytical expressions are valid.