Enhanced Security-based Energy-aware Routing for RPL in IoT Network

The rapid growth of Low-Power and Lossy Networks (LLN s) in the Internet of Things (IoT) has brought significant advancements in connectivity and automation, particularly in environments with constrained resources and unstable communication links. However, this widespread adoption also exposes LLN s to various security threats, including rank, version number, and neighbor attacks, which can severely disrupt network operations and compromise data integrity. This paper proposes an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) tailored for Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL), aimed at detecting and mitigating these specific attacks. The proposed hybrid-trust-based IDS (H-TIDS) employs a multi-faceted approach, incorporating enhanced rank verification mechanisms within the energy-efficient Objective Function (OF) and utilizing version numbers and timestamps to ensure the freshness and integrity of routing information. The IDS effectively identifies and neutralizes malicious activities by monitoring and analyzing the consistency of rank values, detecting anomalies in version number updates, and validating the authenticity of neighboring nodes. Extensive simulations demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed work in maintaining efficiency, network stability, and security, thereby reinforcing the resilience of RPL-based LLNs against sophisticated attacks. The performance of the proposed approach is analyzed and compared with existing work in terms of energy efficiency and increased network throughput. The results show that the proposed approach outperforms the existing methods.