Epigenetic Therapy in Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer (CC) represents a major public health concern, ranking as the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. Its primary cause is repeated infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) strains transmitted through sexual contact. In addition to viral infection, epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA (ncRNA) regulation, play significant roles in cervical carcinogenesis. identifying epigenetic biomarkers is necessary for early diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response prediction, and drug target discovery. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated promising results with different synthetic and natural compounds targeting epigenetic modifications. This chapter discusses in detail the progress of epigenetic therapies targeting DNA methylation, histone modification, and ncRNA regulation in CC. Additionally, this study highlights recent clinical trials investigating epigenetic therapies and biomarkers in CC. Graphical Abstract Flow chart illustrating epigenetic mechanisms divided into three categories: DNA Methylation, Non-Coding RNAs, and Histone Modifications. DNA Methylation shows a DNA strand with TETs and DNMTs enzymes. Non-Coding RNAs include miRNA, snRNA, siRNA, piRNA, tsRNA, and lncRNA, with a promoter and p53 interaction. Histone Modifications depict histone methylation and acetylation processes involving HMTs, HDMTs, HATs, and HDACs. The chart highlights the role of these mechanisms in gene regulation.