Evaluating effect of Insulin therapy on Quality-of-life among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals: Observational Study from South Asian Region

Arun Shirali; Lokireddy Venkata Sandeep; Sheetal Raj Moolambally; Mysore Srikantiah Rukmini; Ananya Bhat; Arun Shirali Priyanka

doi:10.7417/CT.2026.2029

Evaluating effect of Insulin therapy on Quality-of-life among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals: Observational Study from South Asian Region

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and impaired quality of life (QOL). Insulin therapy is central to glycaemic control in advanced disease but poses psychosocial and practical challenges. This study evaluated QOL among insulin-treated T2DM patients in tertiary care hospitals. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient and inpatient departments of hospitals affiliated with Medical College in south Asian city. Total 272 patients aged 30 years with T2DM on insulin therapy for ≥3 months were included. Patients with type 1 diabetes or on oral therapy alone were excluded. Data on demographics, comorbidities, HbA1c, and complications were collected. QOL was assessed using the Quality-of-Life Instrument in Indian Diabetic Patients (QOLID), and barriers to insulin therapy were measured with the BITQ questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v25, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results. Of the 272 participants, 74% were aged >50 years and 61% were female. Neuropathy (18%) was the most common complication. Overall QOL score averaged 126.36 ± 21.69, with lowest scores in role limitation (19.40), physical endurance (19.25), and emotional health (15.58). Patients on combination therapy (insulin plus oral agents) reported better physical endurance and overall QOL compared to insulin-only users, though financial burden was greater. Complications and poor glycemic control (HbA1c) significantly worsened QOL across domains. Conclusion Insulin-treated T2DM patients experience moderate impairment in QOL, influenced by complications, poor glycaemic control, and financial and psychological burdens. A holistic, patient-centred approach incorporating medical, psychosocial, and economic support is essential to improve outcomes. Clin Ter 2026; 177 (3):460-465 doi: 10.7417/CT.2026.2029

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	460-465
Number of pages	6
Journal	La Clinica terapeutica
Volume	177
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.7417/CT.2026.2029
Publication status	Published - 28-04-2026

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

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General Medicine

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10.7417/CT.2026.2029

Cite this

@article{3e64e03421734635855e2e227bbd8dc9,

title = "Evaluating effect of Insulin therapy on Quality-of-life among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals: Observational Study from South Asian Region",

abstract = "Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and impaired quality of life (QOL). Insulin therapy is central to glycaemic control in advanced disease but poses psychosocial and practical challenges. This study evaluated QOL among insulin-treated T2DM patients in tertiary care hospitals. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient and inpatient departments of hospitals affiliated with Medical College in south Asian city. Total 272 patients aged 30 years with T2DM on insulin therapy for ≥3 months were included. Patients with type 1 diabetes or on oral therapy alone were excluded. Data on demographics, comorbidities, HbA1c, and complications were collected. QOL was assessed using the Quality-of-Life Instrument in Indian Diabetic Patients (QOLID), and barriers to insulin therapy were measured with the BITQ questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v25, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results. Of the 272 participants, 74\% were aged >50 years and 61\% were female. Neuropathy (18\%) was the most common complication. Overall QOL score averaged 126.36 ± 21.69, with lowest scores in role limitation (19.40), physical endurance (19.25), and emotional health (15.58). Patients on combination therapy (insulin plus oral agents) reported better physical endurance and overall QOL compared to insulin-only users, though financial burden was greater. Complications and poor glycemic control (HbA1c) significantly worsened QOL across domains. Conclusion Insulin-treated T2DM patients experience moderate impairment in QOL, influenced by complications, poor glycaemic control, and financial and psychological burdens. A holistic, patient-centred approach incorporating medical, psychosocial, and economic support is essential to improve outcomes. Clin Ter 2026; 177 (3):460-465 doi: 10.7417/CT.2026.2029",

author = "Arun Shirali and Sandeep, \{Lokireddy Venkata\} and Moolambally, \{Sheetal Raj\} and Rukmini, \{Mysore Srikantiah\} and Ananya Bhat and Priyanka, \{Arun Shirali\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2026 Societ{\`a} Editrice Universo (SEU), Roma, Italy. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.",

year = "2026",

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doi = "10.7417/CT.2026.2029",

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Evaluating effect of Insulin therapy on Quality-of-life among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals: Observational Study from South Asian Region. / Shirali, Arun; Sandeep, Lokireddy Venkata; Moolambally, Sheetal Raj et al.
In: La Clinica terapeutica, Vol. 177, No. 3, 28.04.2026, p. 460-465.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Evaluating effect of Insulin therapy on Quality-of-life among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals

T2 - Observational Study from South Asian Region

AU - Shirali, Arun

AU - Sandeep, Lokireddy Venkata

AU - Moolambally, Sheetal Raj

AU - Rukmini, Mysore Srikantiah

AU - Bhat, Ananya

AU - Priyanka, Arun Shirali

N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2026 Società Editrice Universo (SEU), Roma, Italy. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

PY - 2026/4/28

Y1 - 2026/4/28

N2 - Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and impaired quality of life (QOL). Insulin therapy is central to glycaemic control in advanced disease but poses psychosocial and practical challenges. This study evaluated QOL among insulin-treated T2DM patients in tertiary care hospitals. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient and inpatient departments of hospitals affiliated with Medical College in south Asian city. Total 272 patients aged 30 years with T2DM on insulin therapy for ≥3 months were included. Patients with type 1 diabetes or on oral therapy alone were excluded. Data on demographics, comorbidities, HbA1c, and complications were collected. QOL was assessed using the Quality-of-Life Instrument in Indian Diabetic Patients (QOLID), and barriers to insulin therapy were measured with the BITQ questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v25, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results. Of the 272 participants, 74% were aged >50 years and 61% were female. Neuropathy (18%) was the most common complication. Overall QOL score averaged 126.36 ± 21.69, with lowest scores in role limitation (19.40), physical endurance (19.25), and emotional health (15.58). Patients on combination therapy (insulin plus oral agents) reported better physical endurance and overall QOL compared to insulin-only users, though financial burden was greater. Complications and poor glycemic control (HbA1c) significantly worsened QOL across domains. Conclusion Insulin-treated T2DM patients experience moderate impairment in QOL, influenced by complications, poor glycaemic control, and financial and psychological burdens. A holistic, patient-centred approach incorporating medical, psychosocial, and economic support is essential to improve outcomes. Clin Ter 2026; 177 (3):460-465 doi: 10.7417/CT.2026.2029

AB - Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and impaired quality of life (QOL). Insulin therapy is central to glycaemic control in advanced disease but poses psychosocial and practical challenges. This study evaluated QOL among insulin-treated T2DM patients in tertiary care hospitals. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient and inpatient departments of hospitals affiliated with Medical College in south Asian city. Total 272 patients aged 30 years with T2DM on insulin therapy for ≥3 months were included. Patients with type 1 diabetes or on oral therapy alone were excluded. Data on demographics, comorbidities, HbA1c, and complications were collected. QOL was assessed using the Quality-of-Life Instrument in Indian Diabetic Patients (QOLID), and barriers to insulin therapy were measured with the BITQ questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v25, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results. Of the 272 participants, 74% were aged >50 years and 61% were female. Neuropathy (18%) was the most common complication. Overall QOL score averaged 126.36 ± 21.69, with lowest scores in role limitation (19.40), physical endurance (19.25), and emotional health (15.58). Patients on combination therapy (insulin plus oral agents) reported better physical endurance and overall QOL compared to insulin-only users, though financial burden was greater. Complications and poor glycemic control (HbA1c) significantly worsened QOL across domains. Conclusion Insulin-treated T2DM patients experience moderate impairment in QOL, influenced by complications, poor glycaemic control, and financial and psychological burdens. A holistic, patient-centred approach incorporating medical, psychosocial, and economic support is essential to improve outcomes. Clin Ter 2026; 177 (3):460-465 doi: 10.7417/CT.2026.2029

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U2 - 10.7417/CT.2026.2029

DO - 10.7417/CT.2026.2029

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AN - SCOPUS:105037296015

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JO - La Clinica terapeutica

JF - La Clinica terapeutica

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ER -

Evaluating effect of Insulin therapy on Quality-of-life among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals: Observational Study from South Asian Region

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