Evaluation of risk factors and in-hospital outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease in a tertiary care teaching hospital

Cardiovascular disorders are estimated to be the leading cause of mortality world wide. Among them, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has the highest incidence and extensive mortality. It has been long recognized that ACS risk factors increase the likelihood of disease. Clinical research studies have demonstrated that effective ACS risk factor reduction results in decreases in ACS morbidity and mortality. Present study is aiming at to assess various risk factors and in-hospital outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Study is carried out in the department of cardiology in Tertiary Health Care Hospital in South India. Prospective data were collected for one and half year by the investigator during regular ward rounds. Data collected were evaluated for the following parameters such as demography, risk factor and in-hospital outcome. A total of 253 patients were admitted for the management of ACS. The average age of study population was found to be 61.07±11.38 years. Occurrence of ACS was highest [154(60.87%)] in the range of 55-74 years. Majority of them were males [204(80.63%)] . Among the risk factors of ACS, dyslipidaemia (79.28%) was most common, followed by hypertension (54. 92%), diabetes (43.51%) and smoking. out of 253 ACS patients 99(39.13%) patients had various in-hospital outcomes. The average length of hospital stay for ACS patients was found to be 6.4 ± 3.5 days. This study provides a valuable reference data on the risk factors and in-hospital outcomes of acute coronary syndrome. By taking care of risk factors, one can reduce the incidences of ACS.