Exploring The Multifaceted Medicinal Benefits of Phyllanthus niruri: Insights into Its Antiurolithic, Hepatoprotective and Anti-Diabetic Activities

Phyllanthus niruri L., (p. niruri) commonly known as the 'Stone breaker plant', has been widely used worldwide as a typical remedy of nature for a long time, for the treatment of kidney health and urinary diseases mainly. According to the given ethnomedicine and traditional uses of the herb, it can have various therapeutic applications for classes of human diseases. This exhaustive review first of all concentrates on the food values, phytochemical profile, antidiabetic, antiurolithic, hepatoprotective activities, and formulation studies, and also checks the safety, toxicity, and clinical trials of P. niruri. P. niruri has yielded a total of 120 phytoconstituents. The major biologically active compounds identified are alkaloids, tannins, coumarins, sterols, phenolic acid, flavonoids, and lignans. These compounds are the major reason for the huge pharmacological activities of the plant, which comprise antiviral, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antiurolithic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal, and tranquilizing effects. P. niruri highlights a wonderful perspective, especially with its antidiabetic, antiurolithic, and hepatoprotective properties, showing its potential application in future therapy regimens. In multiple clinical trials, P. niruri remains a treatment option of great value for patients irrespective of their ages, and additionally, it is a safe and efficacious alternative.