Expounding the structural behaviour of Nd_0.5-xNa_xSr_0.5MnO₃ (x=0, 0.05, 0.10) manganites

The investigation of structure and x-ray photoemission spectroscopic study on Nd_0.5-xNa_xSr_0.5MnO₃ with (x=0,0.05,0.10) polycrystalline samples have been performed. The bulk polycrystalline samples were prepared by flux-assisted solid-state reaction method. The samples are showing mixed phases of orthorhombic (Imma and Pnma) and Tetragonal (I4/mcm) structure at room temperature. The morphological properties are probed using field emission scanning electron microscopy. The grains are irregular and distribution of grain sizes showing a log-normal kind of distribution. The Fourier transform infrared spectra show three prominent absorption bands corresponds to MnO₆ the octahedra. A systematic analysis of electronic structures and chemical properties was conducted using the X-ray photoemission spectroscopy technique. The oxygen non-stoichiometry and its influence on the relative proportion of Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺ ions in all samples are assessed by examining the areas beneath the deconvoluted X-Ray Photoelectron Spectra (XPS) of the core level spectra.