Familial isolated hyperparathyroidism caused by single adenoma

Hyper parathyroidism is associated with increased secretion of parathyroid hormone. Primary hyper parathyroidism is due to adenoma or hyperplasia and very rarely carcinoma. Although various forms of familial hyperparathyroidism exist, they usually present with parathyroid hyperplasia. But a familial pattern of hyperparathyroidism caused by single adenoma also may be manifested rarely. A through pre operative evaluation including radionuclide scan is mandatory before contemplating surgery. Excision of the adenoma almost always cures the condition, but search for other parathyroid should also be made during exploration. We hereby present a 26 yr old lady with a familial hyperparathyroidism caused by a single adenoma.