Flood Disaster Hazards: A State-of-the-Art Review of Causes, Impacts, and Monitoring

Climate variability and climate change have become essential challenges for the research community as a result of the significant impacts of hydrological hazards on water supplies, natural habitats, and human activities, as well as human health and safety. In truth, a warmer environment has significant advantages. Increased climate variability will raise the probability of hydrological severe events, such as floods, Tsunami, cyclone, and droughts. Floods are one of the natural disasters that every year significantly harms human life, property, and the environment. They happen all over the world in different places and on varying scales. Floods are caused by natural disasters, but human choices and actions have increased their frequency and effects. Flood catastrophe consciousness, readiness, and remediation have evolved over time from outdated informal response strategies to integrated approaches utilizing technologically advanced tools. Preparedness for and management of flood disasters, as well as mitigation and adaptation strategies, are covered in this chapter.