Formulation and Analytical Evaluation of Herbal Rectal Suppositories Containing Senna Extract for the Management of Constipation

Background. Senna is a commonly used stimulant laxative that is typically administered orally as a senna extract tablet to treat constipation. This study aimed to formulate rectal suppositories containing senna extract, using glycerin as a base, to achieve site-specific drug delivery and reduce systemic side effects. Methodology. The prepared suppositories were evaluated for various physicochemical and performance parameters, including visual appearance, disintegration time, in vitro dissolution, melting point, weight uniformity, drug content and HPTLC. Results. The suppositories demonstrated satisfactory physical characteristics, with an average weight of 0.9707 g and a drug content of 0.150 ± 2% mg per suppository. The melting point was recorded at 37°C, and the complete dispersion time was 30 minutes. In vitro drug release studies revealed that the drug was fully released within 45 minutes. High-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) was utilized to confirm the presence of active constituents by comparing the sample profile with that of a standard extract. Conclusion. These findings suggest that senna extract suppositories are a promising alternative to oral tablets, providing targeted drug delivery through the rectal route for improved therapeutic outcomes.