Gene expression, levels and polymorphism (Ala16Val) of mitochondrial superoxide dismutase in tuberculosis patients of Rajasthan

Background: Infectious diseases cause redox imbalance and oxidative stress (OS) in host. Superoxide Dismutases(SOD) decrease this OS. SOD2 gene polymorphism can influence the expression and levels of enzyme. Aim: To investigate the association of genetic polymorphism of MnSOD with enzyme levels and mRNA expression in TB patients. Methods: A total of 87 TB patients and 85 healthy individuals participated in the study. The serum SOD2 levels were measured by ELISA. Gene polymorphism was analysed using PCR-RFLP with BsaW1 as the restriction enzyme. Expression was studied by Real-TimePCR. Statistical significance was determined using the Mann–Whitney, Chi-square and Kruskal–Wallis tests and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The median(IQR) serum SOD2 levels of TB patients were lower than those of healthy subjects (4.64(6.48) vs 11.35(20.36)ng/mL respectively,p < 0.001). SOD2 expression was significantly down-regulated in TB patients with a fold change value of 0.312. The Val/Val genotype was higher in the patient group than healthy subjects (36.8% vs 23.5%). However, the difference observed between serum SOD2 levels and mRNA expression in the different genotypes were statistically non-significant. Conclusion: Significant difference was found between levels and expression of SOD2 in TB patients and healthy controls, but not for SOD2 gene polymorphism.