Genotype and phenotype correlations in COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2 is a chronic pneumonia-like infection reported first in 2019 December in the Wuhan province of China. Several genetic factors found to play a part in the incidence and severity of the infection such as gender, blood group, age, and even the geographical influence. Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other comorbidities have been linked to SARS-CoV-2 severity and are often fatal. False positives and false negatives are caused by mutations in diagnostic instruments such as viral protein, and the same might be used to change effective treatments for this illness. These genetic variations and phenotypic changes in the virus and humans should be closely monitored to ensure accurate diagnosis and develop effective treatment options for this deadly infection. This chapter provides an overview of genotype-phenotype correlations in COVID-19 and its implications in the treatment and diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.