Genotypic resistance profile of ESBL-producing enterobacterales from wound infections in Salem, India

The Extended Spectrum (5-lactamases (ESBLs) have been abruptly increasing in hospital and community settings. The present study aimed to detect ESBL producers from wound infections and to determine the associated ESBL genotypes. Gram-negative bacilli obtained from wound infections for a period of one year from November 2020 to October 2021 were included. Isolates with inhibition zone size < 27 mm for Cefotaxime and < 22 mm to Ceftazidime were subjected to phenotypic confirmation by Vitek 2 ID / AST. Extended spectrum (3-lactamase genes OXA-10/11, ТЕМ, SHV & CTX-M were detected by Real Time PCR. The CTX-M enzyme was the most common ESBL genotype observed among Enterobacterales in our study. The co-expression of ESBL genes was observed in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli. CTX-M &TEM genes were observed in 40% of £ coli isolates. All isolates off. coli with CTX-M &TEM genes were susceptible to carbapenems and amikacin. 8.33% off. coli isolates with CTX-M genotype alone were resistant to carbapenems and amikacin. 50% of K. pneumoniae isolates with SHV, CTX-M &TEM genes showed resistance to carbapenems, (3-lactam/ (3-lactamase inhibitor combinations, cefepime and aminoglycosides. In conclusion ESBL associated infections are becoming a public health issue with respect to wide dissemination of ESBL genes and limited therapeutic options.