Glycosylated haemoglobin as a risk predictor of coronary artery disease in patients with stable Angina

Introduction: Glycosylated HaemoglobinA1c (HbA1c) is a time-integrated marker for glycaemic control. It also helps in predicting the risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) among diabetic patients. Aim: To determine the association between HbA1c and severity of CAD in patients with stable angina. Materials and Methods: A total of 144 patients with the positive cardiac stress test and stable angina who are undergoing a Coronary Angiogram (CAG) were enrolled. The patients were classified into three groups according to baseline HbA1c level (Normal group <5.6%, n=53; pre diabetic group 5.7-6.4%, n=62; diabetic group >6.4%, n=29). One-way ANOVA test analysed baseline characteristics of the study population. The association between HbA1c level and the risk of CADs was calculated by Pearson correlation. A p-value less than 0.05 considered to be significant. Results: The subjects who were pre diabetic have 1.77 times more odds of having CAD than the patients who are normal OR (95% CI)=1.77 (0.84,3.73). Patients who have diabetes have 3.13 times more odds of having CAD than the patients who are normal OR (95% CI)=3.13 (1.20,8.16), p=0.02. Higher HbA1c levels were associated with higher incidence of CAD. Conclusion: The study concluded that there was a significant association between raised baseline HbA1c levels and occurrence of CAD in patients with positive cardiac stress test/ stable angina.