Histological and physiochemical standardization of Melia azedarach. Linn bark

Objective: To standardize Melia azedarach L. by detailed study of macorscopical, microscopical and physiochemical parameters. Methods: Bark sample and dried powder of Melia azedarach were studied macroscopically and microscopically. Preliminary phytochemical investigation, physiochemical parameters of the bark sample as per WHO recommended guidelines for standardizations were also performed. Results: The detail microscopy revealed the presence of collapsed phloem, non-collapsed phloem, sieve elements, sieve plates, sieve tubes, companion cells, crystals and starch grains, narrow and wide fibres. Physiochemical parameters such as percentage of foreign matters, ash values, loss on drying, swelling index extractive values were determined. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were also determined. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Conclusions: The macroscopic, microscopic and physiochemical analysis is useful in standardization of the Melia azedarach bark.