In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity and In Vivo Antiproliferative Activity of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Bunium bulbocastanum Seed Against Prostatic Neoplasia

Several in vitro investigations of the therapeutic characteristics of B. bulbocastanum have shown that it has cytotoxic, antifungal, and antibacterial effects. It also exhibits antioxidant and anticancer effects. When the ethyl acetate fraction of B. bulbocastanum was examined for its phytochemical composition, it was found to be rich in phenolic compounds and had significant cytotoxic effects on PC-3 cell lines. The prostate length-to-weight ratio was significantly higher in vivo in the ethyl acetate fraction-treated group. Compared to the disease control group, histopathological examination of the ethyl acetate-treated group revealed a reduction in inflammation and malignant lesions, confirming its antiproliferative efficacy. According to serum biochemistry, acid phosphatase and PSA levels in the ethyl acetate fraction treatment group were significantly lower than those in the disease control group. When compared to the disease control group, malondialdehyde levels in the ethyl acetate fraction treatment group were likewise reduced dramatically. However, in the group treated with the ethyl acetate fraction, glutathione levels increased considerably. The ethyl acetate fraction of B. bulbocastanum may have cytotoxic and antiproliferative potential, both in vitro and in vivo.