Influence of strut and tie model approach for pile cap

The main advantages of strut and tie modeling (STM) method for the beam having larger depth are the arbitrary geometry of the model and load distribution to its elements. In STM method, the stresses follow a load path and are transferred to the supports through a truss mechanism, which is developed inside the concrete element. The stress generated due to the factored axial load in the concrete element is carried by the elements of the truss model. The tensile forces are carried by tie bars and compressive forces are carried by the struts. These struts and ties bars joins at the Node. In the present study a simple STM model is developed inside the pile cap. The study emphasizes on compare the cross sectional area of the elements and the reinforcement detailing required for the pile cap supporting 3 piles and 4 piles using STM approach. Three different vertical factored loads are considered, along with wind and seismic forces.