TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigation of structure, morphology, photoluminescence, linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties of Sn1−xLaxO2 thin films for optical limiting applications
AU - Asha Hind, P.
AU - Patil, Parutagouda Shankaragouda
AU - Gummagol, Neelamma B.
AU - Rajendra, B. V.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), MAHE, Manipal, for facilitating this research work by providing the basic infrastructure and characterization facilities. Authors also thank the UGC-DAE CSR, Mumbai Center, India for the financial aid provided through project no. UDCSR/MUM/AO/CRS-M-315/2020/813 as well as the MAHE Manipal- UNSW Sydney Australia sanctioning seed fund for collaborative research work. Dr. P.S. Patil expresses his gratitude to Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Government of India, for Core Research Grant (EMR/2017/003632). The authors are grateful to Dr. Sudha. D. Kamath for helping to conduct PL characterization in her laboratory.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Manipal Institute of Technology (MIT), MAHE, Manipal, for facilitating this research work by providing the basic infrastructure and characterization facilities. Authors also thank the UGC-DAE CSR, Mumbai Center , India for the financial aid provided through project no. UDCSR/MUM/AO/CRS-M-315/2020/813 as well as the MAHE Manipal- UNSW Sydney Australia sanctioning seed fund for collaborative research work. Dr. P.S. Patil expresses his gratitude to Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Government of India, for Core Research Grant ( EMR/2017/003632 ). The authors are grateful to Dr. Sudha. D. Kamath for helping to conduct PL characterization in her laboratory.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/2/5
Y1 - 2022/2/5
N2 - Transparent nano-crystalline thin films of Sn1−xLaxO2 (x = 0–0.1) were deposited on glass substrates using the cost-effective chemical spray pyrolysis method. The influence of La3+ concentration on the structural, morphological, linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties of the films were analysed. All the films possessed tetragonal crystalline structure, having a preferred (1 1 0) plane orientation irrespective of the doping content. Till a doping of 3 at%, the crystallite size showed a decreasing tendency. The fibrous morphology exhibited by the pure film got transformed into dense spherical microstructures at lower La doping levels. The films with lower doping content showed above 60% of transmittance in the visible wavelength region. The modification in the energy band gaps of the films were observed due to variations in the La concentration. The presence of various defects identified in the deposits by photoluminescence (PL) spectra analysis in the ultraviolet and visible region. Near white light emission was noticed in the films due to these defects. All the films exhibited third-order optical nonlinearity with an observed switching between reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and saturable absorption (SA). The films exhibited self-focussing and defocussing nature due to variation in the doping level. Sn0.94La0.06O2 film was identified as suitable for optical limiting application due to its least limiting threshold value. Hence, these spray pyrolyzed La doped films can be used in optical and nonlinear optical devices.
AB - Transparent nano-crystalline thin films of Sn1−xLaxO2 (x = 0–0.1) were deposited on glass substrates using the cost-effective chemical spray pyrolysis method. The influence of La3+ concentration on the structural, morphological, linear and third-order nonlinear optical properties of the films were analysed. All the films possessed tetragonal crystalline structure, having a preferred (1 1 0) plane orientation irrespective of the doping content. Till a doping of 3 at%, the crystallite size showed a decreasing tendency. The fibrous morphology exhibited by the pure film got transformed into dense spherical microstructures at lower La doping levels. The films with lower doping content showed above 60% of transmittance in the visible wavelength region. The modification in the energy band gaps of the films were observed due to variations in the La concentration. The presence of various defects identified in the deposits by photoluminescence (PL) spectra analysis in the ultraviolet and visible region. Near white light emission was noticed in the films due to these defects. All the films exhibited third-order optical nonlinearity with an observed switching between reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and saturable absorption (SA). The films exhibited self-focussing and defocussing nature due to variation in the doping level. Sn0.94La0.06O2 film was identified as suitable for optical limiting application due to its least limiting threshold value. Hence, these spray pyrolyzed La doped films can be used in optical and nonlinear optical devices.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.162070
DO - 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.162070
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85115910895
SN - 0925-8388
VL - 892
JO - Journal of the Less-Common Metals
JF - Journal of the Less-Common Metals
M1 - 162070
ER -