Juvenile Granulosa Cell Ovarian Tumour- Case Study with Radio-pathological Correlation

Background: Sex cord stromal tumour (SCST) is a less common ovarian neoplasm constituting around 8% of all ovarian malignancies. The commonest SCST is granulosa cell tumor. The adult subtype constitutes the majority (95%) cases in contrast to the juvenile subtype seen in only 5% of granulosa cell tumors. Case presentation: The following report is of a juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT) in a 20 years old unmarried lady, who complained of pain abdomen and irregular menstruation with passage of clots and dysmenorrhea for 2 months. Ultrasound pelvis showed enlarged right ovary with increased vascularity, possibly secondary to torsion -detorsion sequence. The relevant tumor markers, Prolactin and Beta HCG were within normal limits. MRI pelvis showed a heterogeneously enhancing solid lesion with necrotic and hemorrhagic areas in right ovary, likely suggestive of germ cell tumor. Surgical intervention, right salpingo-oophorectomy was done and ovarian mass of ~ 6 × 5 × 4 cm was resected. HPE showed features suggestive of malignant ovarian neoplasm with differentials of SCST/ germ cell tumor. IHC showed features suggestive of JGCT. Conclusion: JGCT has nonspecific radiological features and prognosis corelates with the stage of the tumor at diagnosis which emphasizes the need for an early diagnosis.