Kalman Filter-based DC Bus Voltage Control for Autonomous DC Microgrid System with PV, Wind and EVs Integration

The power system network is complex and diverse in nature because of the random and irregular existence of renewable sources, various types of varying and constant loads. Under these circumstances, the stabilization of DC link voltage and obtaining reduced power fluctuations are the main control aspect of DC microgrid (MG) system. This paper explores a Kalman filter (KF) based voltage–current control algorithm for the battery unit to control the medium voltage direct current (MVDC) bus voltage accurately with trivial oscillations as compared to the traditional VI algorithm. The stability and monitoring of DC microgrids are greatly influenced by gathering sufficient and precise information. Since installing several sensors on DC MGs is costly and increases DC MG ripple. In this work, an extended Kalman filter (KF) is used to estimate the current of the lead-acid battery. Hence the current represents an important factor in guaranteeing safe operations. Where the Kalman Filter, which improves the estimation efficiency, to reach a good performance in the current prediction. By updating the proposed approach provides smooth and noise-less operation from the measured DC voltage. The control strategy established for electric vehicle (EV) in this paper is to improve the overall charging ability of the EV only if the system’s total power is greater than the load level by means of the current loop management technique. The feasibility of the designed MG system with the established battery management mechanism and the Escape Ford EV performance is studied using MATLAB/Simulink platform.